Byzantine-Seljuk Relations and Their Impact on the Political Dynamics of the South Caucasus During the Seljuk Period

The Byzantine Empire's policy in the South Caucasus during the 11th and 12th centuries was shaped by its strategic interests, regional alliances, and the growing threat posed by the Seljuk Turks. This study aims to analyze Byzantium’s geopolitical strategies, diplomatic maneuvers, and military engagements in the region, highlighting how these policies influenced the empire’s broader struggle against Seljuk expansion. The research problem revolves around understanding the effectiveness and limitations of Byzantine policy in the South Caucasus, particularly in balancing local alliances while resisting Seljuk incursions. By examining primary sources such as historical chronicles, imperial edicts, and military records, this study seeks to assess the extent to which Byzantine strategies succeeded or failed in maintaining influence over the Caucasian principalities, including Georgia and Armenia. The study adopts a historical-analytical approach, combining political, military, and diplomatic perspectives to offer a comprehensive understanding of the Byzantine-Seljuk confrontation in the South Caucasus. The findings contribute to the broader discourse on medieval imperial diplomacy and the shifting power dynamics of the region, shedding light on how Byzantium’s policies shaped the South Caucasus' historical trajectory