Preparedness for Disaster Response: An Assessment of Northeast Romanian Emergency Healthcare Workers

Background: Disasters, although predictable, often occur unexpectedly, and efforts must be directed towards reducing their impact. Emergency healthcare workers, key players in disaster response, should maintain a high level of preparedness to act in catastrophic situations. Data on knowledge, attitude, and disaster preparedness among emergency healthcare workers is scarce, particularly for developed countries in Europe. This study aimed to measure the perceived preparedness of various health practitioners in emergency care in Iași county (Romania) and identify factors that influence it. Materials and methods: A self-assessment web-based questionnaire was developed to measure knowledge (K), attitude (A), and preparedness (P). Nonparametric tests compared measurements between demographic groups. Spearman correlation, linear univariate, and multivariate regression models were used to test the effect of perceived knowledge, attitude, and other work-related factors (such as experience, training, and leadership) on disaster preparedness. Results: 211 valid entries were recorded (114 female and 97 male), of which 33.6% were doctors, 25.1% were nurses, and 23.7% were paramedics. There were differences in exposure to training across health professions for disasters and trauma management (p = 0.03 and p = 0.009). The sample’s overall scores for the three primary domains assessed were moderate. Univariate analyses identified a significant effect of knowledge and attitude on preparedness (B = 0.9, 95% CI: 0.79–1.01, p < 0.001, and B = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.66–0.97, p < 0.001, respectively), which was maintained in multivariate regression. Workplace factors (disaster plans and institutional collaboration), along with experience in disaster management and emergency care, were determinants of preparedness, while the effect of training was insignificant. Conclusions: Most healthcare workers displayed moderate preparedness for disasters, while exposure to training and practice was found to be inadequate. Focus should be placed on identifying barriers and enhancing training delivery, strengthening institutional involvement in staff preparedness, and improving inter-professional collaborations. Adequate training methods must be developed and validated in further studies.