Linking AI-driven HRM and emotional intelligence to leadership effectiveness and employee performance

Purpose This study examines the influence of artificial intelligence-driven human resource management (AI-HRM) and emotional intelligence (EI) on leadership effectiveness (LE) and employee performance (EP) within the healthcare sector. It analyzes LE as a critical mediating factor that facilitates the transformation of technological and emotional competencies into improved organizational outcomes. Design/methodology/approach This study investigates the impact of artificial intelligence-driven human resource management (AI-HRM) and emotional intelligence (EI) on leadership effectiveness (LE) and employee performance (EP) within the healthcare sector. Data were collected using a time-lagged, two-wave survey from 312 healthcare professionals in supervisory roles across hospitals. The proposed conceptual model was tested using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to evaluate both direct and mediated relationships among the study variables. Findings The findings indicate that both artificial intelligence in human resource management (AI-HRM) and emotional intelligence (EI) significantly contribute to improvements in leadership effectiveness (LE) and employee performance (EP). Furthermore, leadership effectiveness serves as a mediator in the relationships between AI-HRM and employee performance as well as between emotional intelligence and employee performance. This suggests that the strategic implementation of AI and emotional competencies yields optimal outcomes when facilitated by effective leadership. Practical implications The findings yield actionable insights for healthcare leaders and human resource practitioners. It is imperative that investments in artificial intelligence infrastructure are accompanied by leadership development programs that incorporate emotional intelligence and technological fluency. This strategic alignment promotes psychological safety, enhances employee engagement and facilitates sustainable performance. Originality/value This study presents a novel integration of artificial intelligence in human resource management (AI-HRM), emotional intelligence (EI) and leadership effectiveness (LE) within the ability-motivation-opportunity (AMO) framework. It addresses previously fragmented research by elucidating the role of leadership as a conduct through which digital tools and emotional capabilities collaboratively enhance employee outcomes in emotionally complex and technology-intensive sectors.