Research on Enterprise Cross-border Data Compliance

With the continuous development of the global digital economy, cross-border data flows have become a critical component of businesses' international operations. At the same time, cross-border data compliance has become a major challenge facing businesses. The development of China's cross-border data compliance policy can be divided into three stages: initial exploration, system development, and refinement. These three stages highlight China's policy approach to cross-border data regulation, evolving from principled guidance to systematic governance. At the same time, it is clear that existing cross-border data compliance practices are plagued by several issues: fragmented legal regulations cause inconsistent application; vague compliance standards result in inconsistent implementation; and insufficient integration with international rules leads to high compliance costs. Comparative analysis of international systems such as the United States' fragmented regulatory framework, the EU's internal market harmonization with extraterritorial data transfer restrictions, and ASEAN's openness and security exceptions demonstrates the need for further research and governance in policy, implementation, and corporate compliance capacity building. In the future, China needs to establish a cross-border data management framework that prioritizes both security and efficiency, exploring a governance path for achieving a dynamic balance between data security and the digital economy.