Transcendental philosophy in Russia: Kant and Neo-Kantianism

The article written on the basis of a speech at the round table touches upon such an im­portant topic in the tradition of Kantian studies as Neo-Kantianism. The necessity of ad­dressing the history of development of this philosophical trend, which became the leading school of the world philosophical and intellectual thought in the late 19th – early 20th cen­turies, is substantiated, as well as the analysis of ideas and concepts that polemicized with the Kantian position, the possible prospects of continuation of that variant of develop­ment of transcendental philosophy, which was proposed by German Neo-Kantianism. It is pointed out that the interest to Neo-Kantianism on the part of Russian researchers can and should be based on the important fact that the only foreign variant of adaptation and transformation of German Neo-Kantianism in its history was Russian Neo-Kantian­ism. The article touches upon the contribution of Russian philosophical thought to the re­search of German and Russian Neo-Kantianism, successes and difficulties on the way of such research, and outlines the prospects for more successful formation of Russian Neo-Kantian studies.