Enhancing employability: a study on professional skills development among Arabic language graduates in Malaysia

Purpose This study aims to examine professional skills development among Arabic language graduates in Malaysia, focusing on competencies such as communication, problem-solving, leadership, emotional intelligence, cultural competency and teamwork. It aims to uncover the relationship between Arabic language proficiency and professional skills, considering employers’ expectations and the gaps between graduates’ abilities and workplace demands. Design/methodology/approach A mixed-methods approach was used, combining a structured Likert-scale questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. Data were collected from 250 graduates at seven Malaysian universities, assessing a range of skills. Additionally, interviews with ten employers and supervisors provided insights into the challenges graduates face and employers’ expectations. Findings Results showed that while graduates displayed moderate proficiency in communication and time management, technical skills (TS) and adaptability were lacking. Communication skills ranked highest, with technical expertise rated the lowest. Both quantitative and qualitative findings stressed the need to enhance adaptability and technical proficiency alongside language skills to boost employability. Practical implications The study suggests curriculum reforms that integrate soft skills and technical expertise to enhance the employability of Arabic language graduates, offering a practical framework for educators and policymakers in designing curriculum improvements. These insights can inform policy decisions and institutional strategies to align graduate competencies with real-world industry expectations. Originality/value This study’s dual focus on Arabic language proficiency and professional skills addresses the specific needs of Arabic language graduates in Malaysia. The findings highlight gaps in TS and adaptability, suggesting curriculum reforms to better prepare graduates for the workforce. The results are valuable for educators, policymakers, and employers interested in improving graduates’ employability.