Optimal Allocation and Sizing of RES and D-STATCOM in Radial Distribution Networks for Dynamic Loss Minimization and Voltage Resilience

Currently, the demand for electrical energy is increasing significantly due to population growth, rapid industrialization, and automation. Distribution systems with long power supply distances and weak network structures, in particular, greatly benefit from the integration of renewable energy sources (RES). The integration of wind turbines (WT), photovoltaic systems (PV), and distribution static synchronous compensator (D-STATCOM) controllers in power systems is crucial for enhancing voltage profiles, minimizing power losses, and improving the reliability of radial distribution networks (RDS). This study presents an innovative approach for the optimal allocation and sizing of WT, PV, and D-STATCOM within RDS, aiming to significantly enhance voltage pro-files and reduce both active and reactive power losses. A hybrid HGA-PSO algorithm, a powerful and efficient metaheuristic technique, is utilized to determine the optimal allocation and sizing of WT, PV, and D-STATCOM controllers. The loss sensitivity factor (LSF) technique is employed to prioritize buses for optimal placement, while the voltage stability index (VSI) identifies buses susceptible to voltage collapse, ensuring strategic integration of WT, PV, and D-STATCOM. To validate the effectiveness of the HGA-PSO-based approach, simulations are conducted on a 139-bus RDS. The results indicate that the strategic placement of WT, PV, and D-STATCOM significantly en-hances the voltage profile across the distribution network, leading to improved power quality and reduced power losses. Simulations on the 139-bus system with WT and solar PV demonstrate a 43.69% reduction in active power losses, while reactive power losses improve by 58.32% compared to the base case scenario.