The objective of this study was to assess how aloe vera extract affected the rabbits' full-thickness skin wounds' histological recovery. A total of sixteen healthy adult male rabbits weighing 1.25 to 2 kg were employed. Each rabbit's back was incised with a 4 cm² full-thickness incision. Animals were divided into two groups: Group A (control) received no treatment, while Group B (treated) had Aloe vera extract applied topically to the wounds. Skin biopsy samples were collected from two rabbits in each group on days 3, 10, 14, and 21 post-surgery for histopathological analysis. There were no discernible variations in the two groups' wound healing rates, according to the clinical evaluation. However, histological analysis revealed notable distinctions. On day 3, Group A exhibited a prominent polymorphonuclear (PMN) cell demarcation line and thickened epidermis with inflammatory cell infiltration around the wound margins. Group B, however, had re-epithelialization early on, granulation tissue formation, and minimal inflammation. On day 10, Group A featured marked dermal inflammation, thickened epidermis, wide granulation tissue, and hemostatic signs. Group B featured wider granulation tissue and collagen fiber proliferation with narrower inflammation. On day 14, Group A featured wide re-epithelialization, keratinocyte proliferation, and fibrosis. Group B also featured wide collagen fiber proliferation, indicating advanced healing. Group A had excessive fibrosis (scar tissue) and chronic granulation tissue by day 21. Group B still had organized epidermal fibrosis, more dermal neovascularization (new blood vessel formation), and new hair follicle formation, which indicated superior tissue regeneration.
Khudaier et al. (Tue,) studied this question.