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September 20, 2025Open Access

Peripheral Autonomic Reactions

EBE. I. BonGrodno State Medical University

Key Points

The study presents evidence of sympathetic reflexes located in intramural and extramural ganglia, enhancing understanding of peripheral autonomic reactions.
Key findings include receptor functions of autonomic ganglia and their connections with the central nervous system, indicating complexity in reflex mechanisms.
The research methodically re-evaluates interoceptive reflexes, highlighting distinctions from exteroceptive reflexes and emphasizing their adaptive-trophic functions.
This work suggests new insights into the role of sympathetic and sympathetic-somatic mechanisms, with potential implications for understanding internal organ connections.

Abstract

The article presents the results of many years of research. It provides an overview of the world literature on peripheral autonomic reactions, presents our own and literature data proving the existence of true sympathetic reflexes that close in extramural and intramural ganglia, and also proves the receptor function of autonomic ganglia, their two-way connections with the central nervous system. At the same time, it shows the important role of autonomic ganglia in ring and chain reflex reactions of the body, in the formation of previously unknown sympathetic and sympathetic-somatic mechanisms of centripetal connections of internal organs. Based on the data obtained, an attempt is made to re-evaluate the mechanisms of interoceptive reflexes, which are qualitatively different from exteroceptive reflexes, as well as the mechanisms of the adaptive-trophic function of the sympathetic nervous system.

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