Dutasteride as an Effective Treatment in Androgenetic Alopecia – A Literature Review

Introduction: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a common hereditary condition characterized by progressive hair loss in both men and women. While not a direct health threat, AGA significantly affects psychological well-being due to the role of hair in self-image and perceived attractiveness. Dutasteride, initially approved for benign prostatic hyperplasia, has demonstrated greater efficacy than finasteride in treating AGA. Its use in mesotherapy may help reduce systemic side effects, although more research is needed to confirm safety and define optimal treatment protocols. Aim of study: To review current evidence on the efficacy and safety of dutasteride in the treatment of AGA and assess its potential as a therapeutic option. Methods and material: A literature search was conducted using PubMed and Scopus to identify relevant studies on the use of dutasteride in AGA. Results: Dutasteride 0.5 mg has shown superior efficacy compared to finasteride 1 mg and placebo in increasing hair count and shaft thickness in men with AGA. As a dual 5α-reductase inhibitor, dutasteride offers broader inhibition than finasteride, which targets only the type 2 isoenzyme. Higher doses, such as 2.5 mg, may yield even greater improvements. Mesotherapy with dutasteride appears to be well tolerated and may reduce systemic exposure, though evidence remains limited, and further studies are required to determine long-term safety and appropriate dosing. Conclusion: Although not officially approved for AGA, dutasteride demonstrates superior clinical efficacy compared to finasteride. Side effects, particularly regarding sexual function, appear similar; however, concerns about long-term risks such as depression and metabolic changes persist. These should be carefully considered in patient consultations. Mesotherapy may offer a safer delivery method, but more robust data are needed to support its widespread use.