What type of study is this?

This is a In Vitro Study study.

September 24, 2025Open Access

SEM/EDS and Roughness Analysis on Current Titanium Implant Decontamination Systems: In Vitro Study

MLMarco LattariUniversity of Sassari ABAndrea ButeraUniversity of Pavia SRSimone RoattiUniversity of Sassari

Key Points

Significantly lower roughness values were observed in the neck zone compared to the thread zone.
Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to evaluate implant treatments.
Results showed varied surface roughness and elemental deposition among decontamination methods.
Decontaminating procedures did not macroscopically affect the implant surfaces, indicating safety.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different decontamination treatments on the surface roughness and elemental deposition of pristine dental implants using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). We divided 110 dental implants into 21 groups based on the decontamination method used in vitro. One group was the untreated control. Roughness values (Ra) were analyzed with a profilometer, while elemental deposition was assessed through EDS. Results were obtained for each treatment and for macrogroups (control, ultrasound, curettes, powders, brushes, gels). Significantly lower Ra values were found in the neck zone with respect to the thread zone (p 0.05). Although there were various significant differences among the groups, roughness values were low and no decontaminating methods macroscopically affected implant surfaces, so decontaminating procedures can be considered safe.

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