Clinical simulation in teaching nursing students: Scoping review

Introduction: Clinical simulation is an innovative teaching methodology that is widely recognised in nursing training for its ability to promote technical, relational and critical skills in a safe environment. It allows students to apply theoretical knowledge, develop clinical reasoning and acquire self-confidence before entering real care contexts. Objectives: To map the available scientific evidence on the use of clinical simulation in teaching nursing students, identifying perceived benefits and barriers to its implementation. Methodology: Follows Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The March 2025 search used "Students, Nursing", "Simulation Training" and "Education, Nursing" in MEDLINE® Complete (via PubMed); CINAHL® Complete, MedicLatina® and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials® (via EBSCOhost®). Included free full-text studies in any language, selected by two independent reviewers, with a third reviewer in the event of disagreement. Results: Main benefits: increased self-efficacy and confidence; development of technical skills; reflection and critical thinking; satisfaction and efficiency in learning. Obstacles to implementation: emotional and psychological challenges; training and support for teachers/supervisors; limitations of physical, human and financial resources; logistical problems and poor curriculum integration; lack of realism and limitations of simulated scenarios; insufficient preparation of students; initial resistance; ethical and emotional demands. Conclusion: Clinical simulation is a valuable educational tool in nursing, improving readiness for complex clinical situations. Effective implementation requires institutional support, educator training, and emotional support. This review underscores the need for structured curriculum integration and further research into the long-term impact and effectiveness of simulation in real-world clinical practice.