Information and modular universal evolution

Matter, energy, and information are inseparable, as energy and information are intrinsic properties of matter. In this framework, energy activates matter, while in-formation enables its organization. Atoms and molecules, as units of interaction in the non-living world, and modules, as biological and socio-cultural units in the living world, are formed through the dyad of self-organization and selection in interaction with matter (M), energy (E), and information (I). Based on these interactions, and in relation to time, the Modular Evolution Model (MEM) has been developed, from which the following equations are derived: E = Mi, M = E/i and i = E/M. The values of i in these formulas, reflect the ratio of time and information before and after anevolutionary event, such as the emergence of a taxon. The history of matter is understood as a process of its modularization and energization over time, during which the values of information (I), self-organization (so), and energy (E) increase, while those of natural selection (ns), matter (M), and mass (m) decrease. Through the interplay of interaction units and modules as intelligent agents, and through selection, stability or autonomy is achieved. In the first stage, selection acts on the structure of interaction units and modules formed through self-organization processes. In the second stage, selection applies to these units and modules as they interact with the environment and with other modules, giving rise to semantic in-formation. Finally, the advantage of Universal Modular Evolution (UME) over the Modern Synthesis (MS) and the Extended Evolutionary Synthesis(EES) is highlighted.