September 29, 2025

Role of Field Epidemiology in Environmental and Climate Change-Related Health Incidents in Wales: A Qualitative Analysis Through Expert Interviews.

ÖSÖmer Faruk SönmezKırıkkale University BBBehrooz BehbodPublic Health Wales CRChristopher RobertsSwansea University

Key Points

Field epidemiology is crucial for addressing climate change-related health incidents, and requires adaptive frameworks.
Findings emphasize the need for multi-sectoral collaboration and innovative surveillance systems integrating environmental data.
Barriers include fragmented governance, resource limitations, and data quality issues that hinder effective responses.
A shift towards integrated field epidemiology services is necessary for public health resilience against climate risks.

Abstract

Climate change and environmental degradation pose significant challenges to public health globally, intensifying the frequency and severity of related health incidents. Field epidemiology, traditionally focused on infectious disease outbreaks, is now increasingly recognised as vital in addressing environmental and climate-related health threats. This study explores how organisations like Public Health Wales (PHW) can develop field epidemiology services responsive to these emerging challenges. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 global and national experts in field epidemiology, environmental health, and related disciplines. An inductive content analysis approach was used to identify themes relating to best practices, challenges, competencies, and future directions in environmental field epidemiology. Key findings emphasise the necessity for integrated, multi-sectoral collaboration, capacity building in One Health competencies, and innovative surveillance systems that incorporate environmental and climate data and exposure measures. Participants highlighted barriers such as fragmented governance, data quality issues, and resource constraints. The evolving role of field epidemiology includes applications of environmental and climate-related health phenomena to encompass prevention, preparedness, and recovery phases, supported by technological advancements and holistic health security frameworks. To effectively address environmental and climate-related health incidents, field epidemiology services must evolve towards integrated, multidisciplinary, and adaptive frameworks. Organisations like PHW may consider strengthening international collaboration, investing in workforce development, and implementing integrated surveillance systems that incorporate environmental drivers of health. These strategic priorities align with global public health functions and support resilient health systems capable of mitigating climate-related health risks.

Ask AI

Helpful

Bookmark

View Full Paper