Development and Characterization of Enzalutamide-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Enhanced Drug Delivery System

This study aimed to develop and optimize Enzalutamide-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles using Poloxamer 407 as the surfactant and glyceryl monostearate as the lipid. The optimized SLNs demonstrated strong colloidal stability, with a particle size of 150.3 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.232, and a zeta potential of − 22.4 mV. A high entrapment efficiency of 88.36% underscored the formulation's potential for effective drug delivery. In vitro release studies revealed a sustained release profile of Enzalutamide from solid lipid nanoparticles over 24 h, outperforming the pure drug solution, which released only 28% of its total dose within the first three hours. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed the spherical shape and uniform surface morphology of the nanoparticles, while differential scanning calorimetry indicated the presence of Enzalutamide in an amorphous state within the solid lipid nanoparticles. The concentration of Tween 80 was found to have an insignificant impact on the characterization outcomes, and therefore, it was excluded as an independent variable in this study. These findings suggest that Enzalutamide-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles represent a promising strategy for the delivery of lipophilic drugs, offering enhanced bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy. This work provides a robust foundation for future in vivo investigations and potential therapeutic applications.