Payment security in the digital economy: challenges for the banking card business

The article systematizes the main risks inherent in the bank card business based on a multifactor classification. It is established that cyber risks are the most dangerous in the context of digital transformation, as they are characterized by high dynamics, detection complexity, and significant potential damage. The necessity of shifting the focus in the security system from reactive incident response to proactive monitoring and threat prevention through the implementation of modern digital technologies is substantiated. Promising directions for innovative security enhancement are identified, with the most effective being: the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms for user behavior analysis, anomaly detection, and real-time fraud prevention; biometric authentication, which significantly reduces the risk of unauthorized access to accounts and personal data; the use of cloud platforms, which provide centralized management, scalability of security mechanisms, and rapid updates of protection tools; blockchain technology, which enhances the transparency, reliability, and immutability of transactions and promotes the creation of decentralized verification systems. The necessity of forming an integrated information security strategy that combines technical, organizational, and regulatory tools is justified. The article highlights approaches to assessing the effectiveness of implemented measures and identifies the key security performance indicators: fraud detection rate; number of false positives; average incident response time; ratio of security costs to preserved assets; and the level of user trust. Particular attention is paid to the importance of a resilient payment infrastructure capable of ensuring the continuity of banking operations even under crisis conditions. Emphasis is placed on the significance of industry-wide cooperation as a factor in enhancing the digital resilience of the financial sector.