Clinical management and therapeutic strategies for biliary leakage after liver transplantation.

Biliary leakage is a potentially life-threatening complication following liver transplantation and is associated with significant postoperative morbidity, prolonged hospitalization, and potential graft failure. Its incidence underscores the need for timely diagnosis and effective intervention. Diagnostic modalities such as magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography offer both anatomical and functional insights. Endoscopic management with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography remains the mainstay of treatment, while percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography offers an alternative in patients with altered anatomy or failed endoscopic access. Surgical revision is considered a last resort after other methods have failed. Preventive strategies, including machine perfusion and meticulous surgical techniques, are essential in reducing incidence and improving outcomes. This editorial provides a comprehensive overview of clinical management and therapeutic strategies for biliary leakage after liver transplantation.