Musculoskeletal Occupational Injuries among Orthopedic Surgeons: Risk Factors and Insights from a Cross-Sectional Study

Introduction: Orthopedic surgeons are frequently exposed to musculoskeletal occupational injuries (MSOI) due to the demanding physical nature of their profession. This study aims to analyze the risk factors contributing to MSOI, evaluate their impact on surgeons' health and productivity, and explore preventive measures to mitigate injury severity. Objective: To identify key risk factors associated with MSOI among orthopedic surgeons in Tamil Nadu and assess their influence on career longevity and surgical practice. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey targeting 5000 orthopedic surgeons achieved a response rate of 15.84% (n = 792). Data encompassed demographic variables, practice characteristics, injury prevalence, and severity scores. Associations between risk factors and injury severity were statistically analyzed. Results: Significant correlations were observed between MSOI severity and risk factors, including weight, years of practice, multiple subspecialties, operating position, lack of visual aids, and lead apron usage. The lower back (58%) and neck (47.7%) were the most affected regions. Despite prevalent injuries, only 13.6% received treatment, predominantly physiotherapy. Conclusion: MSOI prevalence among Indian orthopedic surgeons is alarmingly high, driven by professional demands and ergonomic challenges. Targeted interventions, including ergonomic modifications, awareness campaigns, and weight management programs, are essential to reduce injury rates and support surgeons' well-being. Keywords: Musculoskeletal injury, orthopedic surgery, occupational hazards, ergonomic practices, surgeon health.