RCC is the most lethal of common urologic cancers; it is the most frequently occurring solid lesion within the kidney and comprises different types with specific histopathological characteristics for each. By using different diagnostic tools and advancement of imaging techniques there is an increase in the number of incidentally discoveredrenal tumors, these tumors are smaller and of lower stage. However, Current radiologic techniques of CT, US, orMRI do not distinguish histologic subtype of small renal cortical neoplasms. Despite the increased incidental detection rate, the mortality from RCC has remained unaffected and parallel to the incidence. The aim of this study is toevaluate the cases of renal cell carcinoma regarding the age and sex of patients presented with renal tumor, symptoms at the time of presentation, physical findings, results of laboratory investigations, imaging study results andcomplications of surgery as well as histopathological results. The study was performed by reviewing 23 patient'sfiles of renal mass who admitted to urology center in the period from Aug 2009 to Aug 2014. Out of 23 cases ofRCC, approximate 61% were males and 39% were females of different age groups with the mean age 59 years andthe ratio of male to female is 1.6:1. However, the peak incidence of occurring RCC between 50-70 years of age andrepresents approximately 52% of all cases. The most common presenting symptoms were flank pain with or withoutother urological symptoms and accounts about 48% of all cases and hematuria with or without other urologicalsymptoms recorded in about 39% of cases, however, about 30% of cases were discovered incidentally and considered as the third most common presenting figure of disease. On physical examination there were no obvious abnormal physical findings in about 52% cases, while in about 39% cases the tumor was palpable. Laboratory resultswas normal in about 43% of patients. However, about 35% of patients were anemic, while ESR was high in about30% of patients. The imaging studies disclosed right side renal tumor in 43% patients and left side renal tumor in48% of patients while bilateral renal tumors detected in about 9 % of cases. The size of the tumor was less than 7 cmin average diameter in 60% of patients while in 40% of patients the tumors size was more than 7 cm in average diameter. The sites of renal tumor were at upper in 56% of cases, at mid portion in 4% of cases, at lower pole in 28%of cases while the tumor was diffuse in 12% of cases. The histopathological results of resected renal masses as follow conventional (clear-cell) cell carcinoma in 50% of cases, papillary-cell carcinoma in 15% of cases Chromophobe-cell carcinoma 5% of cases. However, Unclassified-cell carcinoma found in 30% of cases. The widespreaduse of abdominal computed tomography and ultrasonography during the diagnostic imaging of nonspecific abdominal complaints has led to the increased detection of incidental small renal masses causing no obvious symptoms. Surgical resection still remains the only effective treatment, however, local recurrence without evidence ofmetastatic disease is a distinctly rare event. Finally there are no uniform guidelines that have been established for thefollow-up of patients dicalwho have undergone surgical treatment of RCC.
Etabbal et al. (Sun,) studied this question.