Study of some Secondary Metabolites in Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum). A Review article

Abstract Fenugreek is a medicinal plants belonging to the fabacease. The utilizes of various pharmaceutical industries, such as antioxidants for immune system enhancement, blood sugar reduction, and cholesterol management. In recent years, the study of nanocompounds in fenugreek has revealed that it contains numerous substances, including alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, antibacterial and antifungal agents, and produces several secondary metabolites concentrated in different parts. For instance, phenols, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins are produced in the leaves during the vegetative growth stages and before the flowering of fenugreek. Additionally, the compound diosgenin is produced in the seeds, particularly when methyljasmonate is applied to the leaves of fenugreek. Other compounds, such as trigonelline and 4-hydroxyisoleucine, are also produced in the seeds. This study focuses on the secondary metabolite content in the seeds and leaves of fenugreek, aiming to explore the breeding methods used for the mentioned traits and to develop cultivars through selection for the purpose of increasing the secondary metabolites in fenugreek.