The Interpretation of the Ideas of Spiritual Education, Social Harmony, and Justice in Ibn Arabi‟s Views

This article analyzes the role and influence of Muhyiddin Ibn Arabi during the 12th-13th centuries, a period marked by the widespread dissemination of Sufism and the emergence of new Sufi orders. This great thinker grew up in al-Andalus and traveled to regions such as North Africa, Egypt, the Hijaz, the Levant, and Anatolia, assimilating diverse cultural and scholarly traditions. The study employs historical-philosophical, source-based, and comparative methods to examine the metaphysical and socio-philosophical ideas presented in Ibn Arabi‟s works, including “al-Futūḥāt al-Makkiyya” and “Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam”. Furthermore, his concepts of moral accountability (“mukallaflik”), justice, and spiritual education are shown to be relevant both within the religious-educational debates of his time and in contemporary society. Additionally, the article illuminates Ibn Arabi‟s philosophy within its historical context and scientifically demonstrates his contributions to socio-political thought.