A Multicriteria Approach to the Study of the Energy Transition Results for EU Countries

The article presents a multicriterial approach to evaluating the efficiency of the energy transition in EU countries, emphasizing the relationship between resource efficiency and the results of transition. The study uses a data analysis methodology (DEA) to evaluate how effectively countries use resources (inputs), such as energy consumption, investment and innovative development, to achieve the desired results (outputs), including the renewable energy sources, reduction of CO2 and labour trends. The use of DEA with Python 3.10 software made it possible to obtain objective performance and compare them with the energy transition index (ETI). The DEA and ETI based efficiency matrix has identified four clusters of countries: high efficiency and high transition readiness; high efficiency and low transition readiness; low efficiency and high transition readiness; low efficiency and transition readiness. Validation by means of a solution (DS) confirmed the reliability of the results. The conclusions emphasize that the higher efficiency of resource use does not automatically meet the higher transition indicators, which indicates the need to improve management, innovation spread and investment distribution. The study helps to develop evidence policy by offering a system for monitoring and comparative analysis of the efficiency of the energy transition in EU countries.