Abstract The adhesion and proliferation of bacteria on high‐contact surfaces and medical implants lead to biofilm formation, posing significant infection risks. Antibiotic resistance necessitates the development of next‐generation antimicrobial materials. Inspired by the antibacterial properties of natural nanostructured surfaces, biomimetic nanostructures engineered on material surfaces can induce mechanical damage to bacteria, offering a promising alternative to antibiotics and reducing environmental contamination from chemical biocides. This review aims to highlight recent advances in the functional modification of mechano‐bactericidal surfaces and their potential as alternatives to traditional antimicrobial surfaces. Initially, representative fabrication methods are introduced for mechanically bactericidal nanostructures. Subsequently, functional modifications are examined to bactericidal nanostructures, including the integration of photoactive materials, chemical biocides, stimuli‐responsive self‐cleaning coatings, and electro‐mediated strategies with bactericidal nanotopographies to overcome limitations in bactericidal mechanisms and enhance synergistic antimicrobial effects. Finally, current challenges are discussed and offer perspectives on future research directions.
Zhong et al. (Tue,) studied this question.