Objective This study aimed to examine the association between the C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte (CALLY) index and the hypertension prevalence in adults with diabetes. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (1999–2010). Adult participants diagnosed with diabetes were included. The CALLY index was calculated based on C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin (ALB), and lymphocyte count (LC) and divided into two groups. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between the CALLY index and hypertension prevalence, adjusting for confounders such as age, sex, race, poverty-income ratio (PIR), smoking, and alcohol consumption. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was performed to explore potential nonlinear relationships. Results A total of 4163 diabetic adults were included. A significant inverse association was observed between the CALLY index and hypertension prevalence. In multivariate analysis, after adjusting for confounders, participants in the upper quantile (M2) exhibited a lower hypertension prevalence compared to those in the lower quantile (M1) (odds ratio (OR) = 0.82, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.71–0.94, p = 0.004). RCS analysis indicated a nonlinear association, with a protective effect of the CALLY index against hypertension. Conclusion The CALLY index is associated with hypertension prevalence in diabetic adults, integrating inflammatory, immune, and nutritional parameters. CALLY may serve as a potential biomarker for risk stratification; however, causality cannot be inferred due to the cross-sectional study design.
Peng et al. (Wed,) studied this question.
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