The construction industry is at a pivotal point in its transition toward sustainable practices, driven by the need to reduce carbon emissions, resource consumption, and construction waste. 3D Concrete Printing (3DCP), an emerging digital fabrication technology, offers innovative solutions by enabling automated, layer-by-layer construction without the need for traditional formwork. This paper explores the role of 3D printed concrete in promoting sustainability across structural and environmental dimensions. It highlights the key benefits of 3DCP, including reduced material usage, minimized labor requirements, lower construction costs, and decreased environmental impact. The study also examines the integration of eco-friendly materials such as recycled aggregates, fly ash, geopolymers, and industrial byproducts into printable concrete mixtures, enhancing both sustainability and mechanical performance. In addition, the paper discusses technical challenges such as printability, structural integrity, and standardization, while presenting real-world applications and future directions. The findings demonstrate that 3DCP not only addresses many limitations of conventional construction methods but also represents a promising pathway toward green, efficient, and resilient built environments.
Hayyat et al. (Tue,) studied this question.