Cognitive impairment complex in patients with technogenic pathology

The dysfunction of the cognitive-mnestic sphere takes a special place among the numerous symptoms of vibration disease (Whole body vibration, WBV effect) due to increased risks of developing deep dementia. The energy of technogenic oscillatory (vibrational) action causes processes of multi-stage phase transformations of albumins, changes in the conformation of synaptic proteins, synapse active zones, density and sensitivity of glutamate, GABA, dopa- and cholinergic receptors. Oxidative phosphorylation uncoupling, mitochondrial deenergization, activation of NO synthase, hypercalcemia, elements of glutamate excitotoxicity, disturbance of neurotransmitter levels (5-hydroxytryptamine and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid), an imbalance in the system of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines disrupts the mechanisms of nerve impulse generation and conduction, contributes to the neuron degeneration, increases the BBB permeability and, often irreversibly, transforms the work of integrative neural networks. A generalized analysis of the results of neuropsychological testing, indicators of constant potential and power of slow-wave rhythms, electroencephalography, topographic mapping of the brain electrical activity indicate the involvement of the frontal the inferior temporal and inferior parietal lobes, the parietal-temporal-occipital zone of the left hemisphere, as well as subcortical structures, including the hippocampus and corpus callosum, in the process of forming cognitive impairments in patients with vibration disease. The data review makes obvious the need for active identification of cognitive impairment in workers exposed to vibration and the prescription of neuroprotective therapy. It is possible that regulatory peptides and their drugs with a synactonic mechanism of action, multiple influence on intermolecular processes, transcriptional regulation, integration of the nervous, endocrine, and immune systems into a single functional continuum, and restoring higher brain functions, have the greatest significance in the brain protecting from the destructive effects of vibrational energy.