Invisible Margins: Resistance and Spatial Accessibility in the Public Ports on the South Waterfront of Belém, Pará

Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze how riparian subjects experience spatial accessibility in the public ports located on the southern waterfront of the city of Belém, Pará: the Porto do Açaí and the Ruy Barata Hydroviary Terminal. Theoretical Framework: The concepts and contributions of Milton Santos (such as landscape, territory of use, and organic relations) and Henri Lefebvre (the right to the city and the triad of conceived, perceived, and lived space) provide a solid foundation for understanding the context of the investigation. Method: The methodology adopted is a qualitative investigation. Data collection was performed using techniques of bibliographic review, systematic observation, and semi-structured interviews in order to deepen the understanding of these riverside spaces. Results and Discussion: The results obtained revealed that the reproduction of urban intervention models imposed on realities with strong riparian ties (or riverside connections) does not always align with the right to the city, which should be based on the local populations' way of life. Research Implications: The result has implications for influencing practices in the field of local urban planning. These implications may extend to the areas of architecture, urbanism, and engineering. Originality/Value: This study contributes to expanding knowledge on spatial accessibility in the riparian urban Amazon. The relevance and value of this research are evidenced by its role in fostering a more sensitive perspective, focusing on the diversities involving the lived body and culture within differentiated urban contexts.