Environmental Sustainability of Fast-Moving Consumer Goods Companies in Nigeria : The Role of Green Logistics Practices

Environmental sustainability has become a critical focus for modern organizations, especially because of their heavy reliance on fossil fuels and non-renewable energy sources in long-term logistics practices. The environmental degradation caused by transportation activities, particularly the use of heavy-duty vehicles, has raised significant concerns regarding air, land, and water pollution. In response to these challenges, this study examines the relationship between green logistics practices and the environmental sustainability of fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) businesses in Nigeria. This investigation is timely, considering the global shift towards sustainable business practices and the increasing integration of environmental concerns into corporate logistics strategies, particularly in the FMCG sector. Previous research suggests that many FMCG firms struggle with environmental sustainability due to the limited incorporation of green logistics into their operational models. This study aims to bridge that gap. A survey research design was employed, and data were collected through structured questionnaires distributed using a simple random sampling technique. Of the 519 questionnaires administered, 502 were returned, representing a response rate of 96.7%. The collected data were analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistical tools. The results revealed a statistically significant relationship between green logistics practices and environmental sustainability (Adj.R² = 0.017; F (4, 480) = 323.087, p < 0.05). Based on these findings, the study concludes that green logistics practices contribute positively to the environmental sustainability of FMCG firms in Nigeria. Consequently, it is recommended that FMCG companies adopt a more holistic sustainability strategy that fully integrates green logistics practices to enhance their long-term environmental performance.