Synergistically promoting proton-coupled electron transfer of oxygen reduction with dual atomic sites on high-curvature carbon onions for highly efficient Zn–air batteries

Key Points

• Higher efficiency achieved with dual atomic sites, facilitating improved proton-coupled electron transfer.
• Key evidence shows significant promotion of oxygen reduction by adjacent Cr and Fe atoms.
• Experimental investigation highlights the role of carbon onions in enhancing battery performance.
• This work supports future development of efficient Zn–air batteries with advanced carbon materials.