What question did this study set out to answer?

To analyze the genomic characteristics of a new strain of avian influenza A(H5N1) discovered in Argentina.

December 12, 2025

Novel Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus, Argentina, 2025.

RVRalph Eric Thijl VanstreelsFundação de Estudo e Pesquisa em Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia MNMartha I. NelsonUnited States National Library of Medicine CACarolina ArtusoNational Food Safety and Quality Service

Key Points

To analyze the genomic characteristics of a new strain of avian influenza A(H5N1) discovered in Argentina.
Genomic sequencing conducted on samples of the avian influenza A(H5N1) virus
Detection of triple-reassortant viruses from Eurasian and American lineages
Identification of novel tri-reassortant viruses
Eurasian H5N1 genes detected alongside low pathogenicity genes from American viruses
Highlighting of ongoing evolution and diversification of H5N1 in the Americas

Abstract

Genomic sequencing of reemerging highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus detected in Argentina in February 2025 revealed novel triple-reassortant viruses containing gene segments from Eurasian H5N1 and low pathogenicity viruses from South and North American lineages. Our findings highlight continued evolution and diversification of clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 in the Americas.

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