Managing fiscal strain in major American cities: understanding retrenchment in the public sector

Preface Introduction The Evolution of Financial Decline The Causes and Consequences of Urban Fiscal Stress Reacting To Fiscal Stress Responding to Fiscal Stress: The Use of Revenue Strategies in Local Government Productivity Improvement and Alternative Service Delivery Cutting Strategies and Patterns of Response Retrenchment and the Urban Policy Process Toward an Explanation of How Cities Manage Financial Strain Research Procedures and Data Sources Identifying Patterns of Retrenchment Policies in Local Government Explaining the Use of Financial Management Strategies: Is the Implementation of Retrenchment Policies Structured or Unstructured? The Policy Ramifications of Fiscal Retrenchment Summary and Conclusion Appendix A: Cities Used in the Analysis Listed by Region Appendix B: Retrenchment Strategies Employed by Individual Cities Used in the Multivariate Analysis Bibliography Index