December 4, 2025Open Access

Prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) in tissue regeneration: Its role and therapeutic strategies

Key Points

PGE₂ promotes tissue regeneration by driving stem cell proliferation and angiogenesis, enhancing repair processes.
Key mechanisms include modulation of extracellular matrix remodeling through EP receptor signaling, improving recovery in various tissues.
Examining regulatory strategies to overcome degradation challenges by 15-PGDH is vital for clinical application.
The findings highlight potential oncogenic risks, emphasizing the need for targeted therapeutic approaches in regenerative medicine.

Abstract

Prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂), which is traditionally recognized as a pro-inflammatory mediator target, is now recognized for its role in tissue regeneration. PGE₂ drives stem cell proliferation, M2 macrophage polarization, angiogenesis, and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling via E-type prostanoid (EP) receptor signaling, promoting repair in the skin, muscle, bone, heart, liver, kidney, and intestine. Despite these promising effects, the clinical translation of PGE₂ has been hindered by challenges such as a short half-life due to rapid degradation by 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH), limited EP receptor subtype specificity, or oncogenic risks in certain contexts. This review explores the regenerative mechanisms of PGE₂, its tissue-specific roles, and innovative strategies to optimize therapeutic efficacy while minimizing adverse effects in regenerative medicine.

Read Full Paperexternally

Mark Helpful

Bookmark

Relay

View Full Paper