Are elevated atherothrombotic biomarkers at 1 month post-PCI associated with increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery disease?
In patients undergoing PCI, elevated fibrinogen levels at 1 month post-procedure are strong independent predictors of subsequent major adverse cardiovascular events.
BACKGROUND: Despite medical therapy, atherothrombotic events remain common in high-risk patients with coronary artery disease. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between atherothrombotic biomarkers and outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease who are undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). METHODS: Biomarkers including lipid profile (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides), inflammation (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein hs-CRP), platelet reactivity (P2Y12 reaction unit), and coagulation (fibrinogen) were measured on admission and at 1 month following medical therapy post-PCI (n = 2,789). The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events, defined as a composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke, occurring between 1 month and 4 years post-PCI. RESULTS: Biomarker levels decreased significantly (all P values ≤ 0.001), except for fibrinogen levels (329 ± 86 vs 359 ± 92 mg/dL; P < 0.001). The median follow-up of the participants was 2.2 years (IQR: 1.3-4.0 years). Covariate-adjusted HRs for the lowest to highest quartiles were 1.00 (referent) (95% CI), 1.37 (0.78-2.41), 1.89 (1.11-3.21), and 1.71 (1.01-2.91) for 1-month hs-CRP; and 1.00 (referent), 1.49 (0.83-2.67), 1.83 (1.03-3.26), and 2.47 (1.40-4.36) for 1-month fibrinogen. Among these biomarkers, hs-CRP and fibrinogen levels at 1 month showed the highest correlation (r = 0.426). After adjusting for covariates and biomarkers, the 1-month fibrinogen level was the strongest incremental predictor of major adverse cardiovascular event (HRs: 1.00 referent, 1.45 0.80-2.62, 1.65 0.91-2.98, and 2.23 1.20-4.12, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Among medically treated patients following PCI, elevated fibrinogen levels were associated with adverse outcomes. Further studies are warranted to clarify these associations and to determine whether adjunctive therapies can improve outcomes in this high-risk group. (Gyeongsang National University Hospital GNUH Registry; NCT04650529).
Cho et al. (Fri,) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: