AbstractWe propose an effective scalar–tensor framework in which the observable universe is describedas the dynamical regime of a single geometric scalar field C(x). In this model, time, gravity,matter and interactions are not assumed as fundamental entities, but emerge from the geometryand evolution of the field.The physical metric perceived by observers is defined through a conformal coupling ˆgμν =e−γCgμν, leading to an emergent description of cosmic expansion without introducing a fundamentalcosmological constant. Observable quantities such as the Hubble parameter, redshiftrelation and cosmological horizon are derived directly from the temporal gradient of C(x).In the homogeneous cosmological regime, the model reproduces an accelerated expansionwith an effective equation of state close to w ≃ −1. In the static spherically symmetric regime,the same field yields flat galactic rotation curves through the superposition of local and cosmologicalgradients, without invoking dark matter.The framework further allows a precise formulation of a static non-dynamical regime, interpretedas the absence of time and physical processes, and describes cosmological evolutionas a transition between distinct regimes of the same underlying structure. The model providesa unified geometric interpretation of local and global gravitational phenomena and leads toobservationally testable deviations from the standard ΛCDM paradigm.
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John Wayni Santos Oliveira
Instituto Federal do Maranhão
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John Wayni Santos Oliveira (Tue,) studied this question.
www.synapsesocial.com/papers/6969d4c3940543b977709ba0 — DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18248282