Golden Ratio Architecture of Human Neural Oscillations

Since Hans Berger discovered the alpha rhythm in 1929, EEG frequency bands have been defined by empirical observation rather than theoretical principles. We provide large-scale empirical validation of the golden ratio (φ = 1. 618) organization theorized by Pletzer et al. (Pletzer et al. , 2010), and identify the absolute fundamental frequency f0 = 7. 6 Hz that anchors the φⁿ lattice, with frequencies following f (n) = 7. 6 Hz × φⁿ. This architecture manifests as spectral peak depletion at integer n positions (band boundaries) and enrichment at half-integer positions (band centers). We extend the framework to reveal an eight-position hierarchy including “inverse nobles”—positions symmetric to regular nobles about the attractor that inherit stability through multi-scale Fibonacci decomposition. This extended hierarchy provides mechanistic explanations for theta/gamma frequency positioning in cross-frequency coupling. The golden ratio’s unique mathematical properties—maximal resistance to mode-locking combined with Fibonacci coupling—may represent an optimal solution for balancing neural segregation and integration.