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The paper aims to expand the understanding of structural integrity invariants within four-dimensional systems.

January 22, 2026Open Access

Structural Integrity Invariant and the Emergence of Time in Four-Dimensional Numerical Systems (Version 2)

Key Points

The paper aims to expand the understanding of structural integrity invariants within four-dimensional systems.
Introduced a structural integrity invariant (Ψ) for numerical systems.
Formalization includes scale, distribution, spectral, and geometric components.
Presented an axiomatic formulation with explicit multidimensional expressions.
Clarified the interpretation within a four-dimensional framework.
This version provides a refined theoretical basis for structural integrity invariants.
New multidimensional expressions enhance understanding of numerical system behaviors.

Abstract

This is Version 2 of the work, extending the original formulation into a four-dimensional structural framework. The paper introduces a structural integrity invariant (Ψ) for numerical systems, formalized through scale, distribution, spectral, and geometric components. A refined axiomatic formulation is presented, including explicit multidimensional expressions and a clarified 4D interpretation. This version supersedes Version 1 and should be considered the authoritative reference.

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Bouras Georgios

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Structural Integrity Invariant and the Emergence of Time in Four-Dimensional Numerical Systems (Version 2)

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Abstract

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