ABSTRACT The Brahmani-Baitarani basin continues to experience severe flooding annually, indicating that existing flood protection measures are inadequate and need improved flood estimation. The expanding encroachment of settlement and infrastructure development in floodplains increases flood risk, while climate change increases the frequency of extreme hydrological events. Introducing specific appropriate models to predict the likelihood of peak discharge events is necessary. The study aims to select suitable distributions for estimating flood quantiles and analyse recurrence intervals and discharge frequency to establish a relationship between heavy rainfall and discharge during flood events in the Brahmani-Baitarani River basin. The study adopted multiparameter probability distributions, goodness-of-fit, and accuracy tests to select an appropriate distribution basin-wise and station-wise. The present study found that distributions with more parameters, such as Wakeby, Log-Pearson 3, and generalised extreme value, better estimate flood quantiles of various RIs. Strong correlations are observed between rainfall and discharge during flood events, thus enabling the determination of probable flood flow based on rainfall amount in the lower floodplain. Exploring the advanced distributions suitable for specific areas and understanding the contribution of extreme rainfall to recent flood events will help in localised flood risk management and hydraulic-structural design in the basin.
Khwairakpam et al. (Wed,) studied this question.
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