ABSTRACT: This research addresses the use of telemedicine in obstetric emergencies, focusing on its impact in remote and vulnerable regions, where access to specialized care is limited. It is contextualized in the growing advancement of digital technologies in health and the urgent need for effective solutions to reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality, especially in rural areas. The central problem lies in the operational, educational and technological difficulties faced for the efficient implementation of telemedicine in obstetric emergency contexts. The general objective was to analyze the role of telemedicine in improving the quality of obstetric emergency care, highlighting aspects of governance, training, overcoming technological challenges and presenting success stories. For this, the Giftedean neoperspectivist epistemological paradigm was adopted, integrating theories of Complexity, Critical Theory, Systems Theory, Health Communication and Social Justice. The hypothetical-deductive method was used to formulate and validate the hypotheses. The bibliographic and documentary narrative review was conducted rigorously in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and LILACS databases, with the descriptors “telemedicine”, “obstetric emergencies”, “remote healthcare”, “maternal mortality” and “health equity”. Initially, 1,200 studies were found, of which 98 were selected for detailed analysis. The main findings indicated that integrated and adaptive models promote significant clinical and educational gains, despite persistent technological challenges. The conclusions reinforce the feasibility and importance of telemedicine to reduce inequalities in maternal health. Gaps in sustainability and infrastructure were identified. Limitations involved scarcity of primary data and regional heterogeneity. The research contributes theoretically by expanding neoperspectivism, methodologically by the integrated approach, and empirically by evidence of social and clinical impact, adding value to public policies and health practices.
Breviário et al. (Sat,) studied this question.