Perceptions of medical students on language concordance in doctor-patient communications

Background & objectives Language concordance—the ability of doctors to communicate with patients in their preferred language—is known to improve clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction. Medical undergraduates often face communication barriers with patients. This study aimed to assess the perceptions of undergraduate medical students regarding native language proficiency in clinical settings and its impact on doctor-patient relationships. Methods A descriptive, questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 409 MBBS students across various academic years in Karnataka, to assess students’ views on language use in clinical interactions, its benefits, and barriers, using a 5-point Likert scale. Responses were analysed using descriptive statistics and the Kruskal-Wallis test for inter-year comparison. Open-ended responses underwent thematic analysis. Results Of the 409 participants, 26.2 per cent were non-native Kannada speakers. A majority agreed that language concordance enhances empathy, rapport, and effective communication with patients. Most students supported the inclusion of local language learning in the curriculum and recognised its role in improving clinical skills such as history-taking. Thematic analysis highlighted key concerns, including patient interaction challenges, clinical skill development, and student-led strategies to overcome language barriers. Interpretation & conclusions Medical students perceive language concordance as a vital component of effective clinical communication and patient care. There is strong support for structured, longitudinal local language training within the MBBS curriculum.