ABSTRACT Silicone implants can trigger adjuvant‐induced autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome ( ASIA ). We present a 53‐year‐old woman who had undergone bilateral intramuscular silicone breast implantation at X−24 years. Following implant rupture at X year, she developed cough, fatigue, and arthralgia, accompanied by worsening sarcoid‐like pulmonary lesions. After implant removal, her clinical symptoms and radiological findings improved. Histopathological examination findings identified foreign‐body granulomas, fulfilling diagnostic criteria for ASIA . This case suggests that silicone leakage after implant rupture, rather than the duration of exposure, is a critical factor in disease development and progression. The sarcoid‐like pulmonary lesions in this case may represent a sarcoid‐like granulomatous reaction triggered by silicone exposure in the setting of ASIA , rather than true systemic sarcoidosis. Early implant removal appears beneficial for both the diagnosis and treatment of ASIA .
Tsuda et al. (Sun,) studied this question.
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