Iran's Criminal Policy Toward the Smuggling of Illicit Pharmaceuticals and Cosmetic–Hygienic Products

The purpose of the present study is to examine Iran’s criminal policy toward the smuggling of illicit pharmaceuticals and cosmetic–hygienic products. This research is descriptive in nature and conducted using an analytical method. In line with the research hypothesis, it is argued that the phenomenon of smuggling sensitive pharmaceutical, hygienic, and cosmetic goods can pose serious challenges to the economy, culture, and security of society. The research evidence confirms this hypothesis. In addition to outlining Iran’s criminal policy regarding the prosecution of pharmaceutical and cosmetic–hygienic smuggling, the study proposes that, in order to combat this phenomenon in a more principled and effective manner, not only should the economic system be reformed, but judicial sensitivity toward smuggling—whether through official or hidden channels—must be significantly intensified. This is because, as discussed with respect to organized smuggling and corruption, national resolve in confronting quasi-governmental smuggling becomes severely weakened, and public trust is consequently undermined. Therefore, the most effective policy to combat smuggling is to strengthen public trust and secure national support for economic programs. Furthermore, in response to the research question regarding Iran’s criminal policy toward the smuggling of illicit pharmaceuticals and cosmetic–hygienic products, this article presents legal analyses of the existing policy and offers recommendations to address its shortcomings. Keywords: Smuggling; Pharmaceuticals; Cosmetic and Hygienic Products; Criminal Policy; Public Trust.