Resolving the Hubble Tension through Vacuum Phase Transitions: An Entangled Substrate Model with Empirical Validation

Resolving the Hubble Tension through Vacuum Phase Transitions: An Entangled Substrate Model with Empirical Validation PROJECT SUMMARY: THE UNIVERSE AS A SELF-REGULATING SUBSTRATE THE CORE NARRATIVE The Hubble Tension is cosmology's biggest current crisis: a >5 sigma disagreement on the universe's expansion rate (H0). Standard fixes add new particles or dark forces. This work proposes the vacuum itself is an entangled substrate that changes properties with local environment — stiff superfluid at low accelerations (galactic/cosmic scales), liquid hydrodynamic at high accelerations (solar/local scales). THE REGIME LENS The H0 split is not error but physical refraction: early-universe data (CMB) passes through "stiff" vacuum (higher impedance → slower apparent expansion) ; late-universe data (SNe, Cepheids) through "liquid" phase (saturated → inflated local rate). Like viewing through ice vs. water, the medium distorts observations differently. MACHIAN AND SELF-REGULATING CORE Gravity (G) is no isolated constant — it scales with expansion rate (G proportional to H), realizing Mach's Principle: local inertia emerges from the global cosmic state. Expansion becomes a feedback loop between matter density and substrate impedance — no fine-tuned Dark Energy needed. EMPIRICAL ANCHORS SPARC galaxy rotation curves show distinct resonances in low- vs high-surface-density regimes (median lambdaᵣes ≈ 2. 47 kpc low-Sigma; scaling 5–9 kpc high-Sigma), proving phase-dependent vacuum behavior. FALSIFIABILITY Predicts JWST high-z (z=3, Cosmic Noon) resonances shrink to ~0. 8 kpc. Confirmation would elevate this from hypothesis to paradigm-shifting theory. KEYWORDS (enter separately in Zenodo field) Hubble tension, vacuum hydrodynamics, modified gravity, galaxy resonances, cosmology, Mach's Principle, phase transitions, SPARC dataset. Full methods, derivations, Python code (SPARC reanalysis + H (z) simulation), and reproducibility instructions in attached PDF and supplements.