Native vs. Exotic Chickens: A Comparative Study on Leukocyte Profiles and Serum Biochemical Characteristics in Bangladesh

ABSTRACT This study was conducted to assess and compare leukocyte and biochemical parameters in Deshi (local), Sonali crossbred, and broiler chickens. 90 chickens were included in the experiment, with 30 each from the commercial broiler, Deshi, and Sonali (RIR cock × Fayoumi hen) groups. Blood samples were collected to measure total leukocyte counts (TLC) and differential leukocyte counts (DLC). The serum biochemical parameters assessed were triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), serum total protein, glucose, alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), uric acid, and creatinine. Deshi chickens exhibited significantly higher TLC, characterized by elevated heterophil counts and lower lymphocyte counts (p<0.05). Both Deshi and Sonali chickens displayed a higher heterophil-to-lymphocyte (H/L) ratio than broilers. Broilers showed the highest serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL-c levels, while Deshi chickens had the lowest. Deshi and Sonali chickens also had significantly higher serum total protein and albumin levels, with stable glucose concentrations. Liver function showed no significant differences among breeds. Additionally, Deshi and Sonali chickens demonstrated better kidney health. In conclusion, Deshi and Sonali chickens demonstrated a more favourable leukocyte and lipid profile, as well as better kidney health compared to broilers, highlighting their potential for healthy and productive poultry farming.