What question did this study set out to answer?

To optimize a hybrid electrolyte and solid-solid interfaces for improved performance in lithium-ion cells.

February 19, 2026Open Access

ADVAGEN: D3.3 Materials Validation In Coin Cells and Optimization of Solid-Solid Interfaces by Operando Techniques

Key Points

To optimize a hybrid electrolyte and solid-solid interfaces for improved performance in lithium-ion cells.
Identified an optimal composition of 80 wt% lithium thiophosphate and 20 wt% lithium lanthanum zirconium oxide for the electrolyte.
Evaluated the stability and performance of the hybrid electrolyte in laboratory testing with lithium metal.
Studied structural changes, interfacial reactions, and phase formation using advanced characterization techniques.
The hybrid electrolyte demonstrated high ionic conductivity and long-term stability.
Performance tests showed advantages of the hybrid electrolyte compared to pure sulfides.
Characterization revealed insights into changes in active material particle morphology and stability against different solvents.

Abstract

A hybrid electrolyte has been selected for its ability to provide both high ionic conductivity and long-term stability in lithium symmetrical configurations. Extensive research and development efforts were conducted to identify the optimal composition of this electrolyte, which was determined to consist of 80 wt% lithium thiophosphate (LPSCl) and 20 wt% lithium lanthanum zirconium oxide (LLZO). This particular ratio was chosen due to the complementary properties of the two materials: LPSCl offers high ionic conductivity, while LLZO contributes enhanced mechanical stability and resistance to degradation over repeated cycles. By leveraging the strengths of these two solid electrolyte materials, the hybrid electrolyte has demonstrated excellent performance in laboratory testing paired with Li metal. The stability of the electrolyte has been tested in conditions comparable with the dry room to validate the environment for the scale-up plant. In the integration in full cell configuration, different combinations and composition of the cathode have been evaluated to prove the advantages already shown during stripping-plating tests and compared with the pure sulfide as a reference. Structural change, interfacial reactions and phase formation have been studied by developing dedicated characterization techniques. Stability of the materials against different solvents, growth of the active material particles, changes at different state of charge, and effect of the processing route to the morphology of the NMC particles have been investigated to provide insights for the engineering of interfaces and components along the partners.

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