What question did this study set out to answer?

The research aims to develop a framework for simulating quantum channels with fewer resources and lower circuit depth.

February 21, 2026Open Access

Quantum simulation via stochastic combination of unitaries

JPJoseph PeetzUniversity of California, Los Angeles SSScott E. SmartUniversity of California, Los Angeles PNPrineha Narang

Key Points

The research aims to develop a framework for simulating quantum channels with fewer resources and lower circuit depth.
Introduced a framework for simulating quantum channels using ensembles of low-depth circuits.
Prepared damped many-qubit GHZ states on quantum hardware.
Developed Hamiltonian simulation algorithms that do not depend on spectral precision.
Reduced resource requirements by several orders of magnitude for a benchmark system.
Demonstrated successful preparation of many-qubit GHZ states.

Abstract

Abstract Quantum simulation algorithms often require numerous ancilla qubits and deep circuits, prohibitive for near-term hardware. We introduce a framework for simulating quantum channels using ensembles of low-depth circuits in place of many-qubit dilations. This naturally enables simulations of open systems, which we demonstrate by preparing damped many-qubit GHZ states on ibmₕanoi. The technique further inspires two Hamiltonian simulation algorithms with gate counts that are asymptotically independent of the spectral precision target, reducing resource requirements by several orders of magnitude for a benchmark system.

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