Linguistic Representation and Interpretation of Folklore Motifs in Fiction Literature

The study analyzed the linguistic features of folklore motifs in the works of C. Aitmatov and their role in preserving and transforming national cultural heritage. The methodology combined linguistic, comparative-historical, contextual, and empirical approaches. The linguistic analysis identified metaphors, symbols, and epithets as key means of conveying folklore motifs, enhancing the symbolic depth of the texts. The comparative-historical method demonstrated how elements of the Kyrgyz epic were adapted into prose, transforming traditional motifs into universal symbols relevant in a global context. Contextual analysis highlighted the reception of Aitmatov’s works in literary criticism, revealing cultural, philosophical, and psychological approaches that emphasize the ethical significance of folklore. The empirical method allowed for the classification of recurring motifs, including images of nature, heroic figures, and mythological elements, all adapted to express universal humanistic themes. The results show that Aitmatov consistently employed folklore motifs to create multilayered narratives uniting national traditions with universal values. His creative method confirmed the dual role of folklore—preserving cultural heritage while reshaping it for modern literary discourse. Thus, folklore in Aitmatov’s works emerges not only as a national symbol, but also as a means of expressing ideas of global significance.