Twin electron bunches accelerated by high-energy linacs are attracting increasing interest especially in twin free-electron laser (FEL) pulse generation and beam-driven plasma wakefield acceleration (PWFA) studies. High-energy linacs may benefit from plasma accelerators, where a trailing bunch is accelerated in GV/m fields in a plasma wave driven by the leading bunch. This could facilitate high-energy physics, as well as greatly increase the available photon energy range of existing FELs without increasing the footprint. Here, initial analytical studies of twin-bunch generation in FLASH accelerator are carried out. With the initial beam longitudinal phase space properly tuned by temporally shaping the photocathode laser, together with optimizing linac settings, high-quality twin electron bunches with tunable delay and simultaneous bunch shaping can be generated, which is essential for energy-efficient PWFA with low energy spread.
Long et al. (Wed,) studied this question.