Comprehensive Sexuality Education: a Qualitative Study on the Perspectives of Teachers, Parents and Adolescents

Abstract Introduction Comprehensive sexuality education in schools remains an important avenue for providing crucial information to adolescents as they develop. However, the content and delivery of sexuality education need to be periodically updated to stay current and relevant to adolescents. It is important to define effective and comprehensive pedagogical methods to provide sexuality education to developing youth. Objective The main aim of this study was to analyze the perceptions and opinions of the educational community (including teachers, parents, and adolescents between 12 and 18 years old) regarding comprehensive sexuality education. Method A qualitative methodology was used. To understand the perceptions of key educational stakeholders, 18 focus groups were conducted, comprising 16 teachers, 16 parents, and 56 adolescents. MAXQDA was used for the coding and analysis process. Results Eight core categories were identified across the three populations assessed, providing a comprehensive view of the educational community’s perspectives on sexuality education interventions. The results suggest that sexuality education can be improved by including content on gender equality, consent and sexual and reproductive health. This content should be provided in an in-person, mixed-group format in school settings. Conclusions Key educational stakeholders place great importance on both the type of format and the content of sexuality education. While views differ on specific issues, there is broad consensus between parents and teachers on the need to address sexuality in a positive way before children reach the age of 12. Policy Implications The conclusions drawn from analyzing the perspectives of parents, teachers, and adolescents on sexuality education may provide the foundation for the design of future programs.