Environmental Justice Movements (EJM) in Guinea-Bissau have gained prominence amidst resource-rich landscapes, highlighting the intersection of environmental degradation and socio-economic disparities. The study employs a qualitative approach, analysing existing literature on EJM in Africa and specific case studies from Guinea-Bissau. Secondary data sources include government reports, NGO publications, and academic articles. A significant proportion (34%) of EJM activities focus on water resource management, underscoring the critical role of these resources in local livelihoods and their degradation. Policy coherence remains a challenge, with fragmented regulatory frameworks contributing to ineffective implementation. Policy reforms are imperative to integrate EJM principles into existing governance structures, fostering collaborative efforts between stakeholders and promoting equitable environmental protection strategies. Strengthened policy integration of EJM in national development plans is recommended. Enhanced collaboration with international partners for capacity building and resource mobilization should be prioritised. Public education campaigns on environmental stewardship are also advocated to build awareness and support among communities.
Anaïs et al. (Fri,) studied this question.