School-Based Physical Activity Interventions and Academic Performance Among Adolescent Girls in Mogadishu, Somalia: A Mixed Methods Study

Physical inactivity is a significant public health issue among adolescent girls globally, with potential impacts on both physical and mental well-being. In Somalia's capital, Mogadishu, where educational opportunities are limited, integrating physical activity into school curricula could enhance academic performance while promoting health. A mixed methods study was conducted, combining quantitative data from standardised test scores and qualitative insights through focus group discussions and teacher surveys. Data were collected over three years (-) using Likert scales for academic performance assessment and thematic analysis for qualitative findings. Among the 500 adolescent girls studied, a statistically significant positive correlation (r = 0. 45, p < 0. 01) was observed between increased physical activity hours per week (mean increase of 2. 3 hours) and improved standardised test scores by an average of 8%. The intervention not only enhanced academic performance but also showed a potential positive impact on health outcomes, particularly in reducing sedentary behaviour among adolescent girls. Schools in Mogadishu should be encouraged to implement mandatory physical education programmes as part of their curriculum to further improve educational and health metrics for adolescent girls.